Tetanus vaccination
What you need to know
Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by the anaerobic bacillus Clostridium tetani, which affects the nervous system, causing severe muscle cramps. The causative agent of tetanus most often lives in the ground and, together with it, gets into skin lesions (cuts, abrasions, burns, frostbite, animal bites). The causative agent is also found in water bodies, house dust, and animal feces. The infection is localized in deep wounds, since they have oxygen-free conditions.
Treating the injured area with antiseptics does not neutralize tetanus.
Spasmodic muscle contraction caused by tetanus spores can lead to respiratory failure, swallowing problems, myocardial infarction, pneumonia, sepsis, bronchitis, muscle/tendon rupture, pulmonary edema, and cranial nerve paralysis, which can be fatal.
How to diagnose?
It is difficult to diagnose tetanus using clinical tests in the early stages, because the toxin is not detected in the blood. Early diagnosis is possible if a careful history is taken. Treatment of tetanus: use of tetanus serum or specific immunoglobulin. After that, surgical treatment of the wound is performed.
How to treat?
Use of anti-tetanus serum or specific immunoglobulin. After this, surgical treatment of the wound is performed.
What are the symptoms?
The incubation period of the disease is from 1 week to several, after which the following symptoms appear:
- Weakness, irritability, chills
- Headache, neck pain, back pain
- Twitching, dull, pulling pains in the area of the injury/wound
- Spasms of facial and masticatory muscles (sardonic “smile”)
- Spasm of the muscles of the back and limbs (opisthotonus)
- Stiffness of the muscles of the back of the head that spreads to the entire body
- Swallowing disorders due to spasm of the throat muscles
- Painful cramps of various muscles of the body
What is prevention?
Tetanus prevention – vaccination of children and adults, as well as adherence to personal hygiene rules (if you have been outdoors or in rural areas and have come into contact with soil, take a shower, wash clothes at high temperature).
Vaccines for vaccination
| The name of the vaccine | Country | Composition and form of release | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hex's Infanrix | Belgium | suspension for injection | 2600 UAH |
| Hexaxime | France | suspension for injection. | 2400 UAH |
| Infanrix IPV | Belgium | suspension for injection | 2050 UAH |
| Pentaxim | France | suspension for injection | 1900 UAH |
| Bustrix Polio | Belgium | Suspension for injection. | 1800 UAH |
| Bustrix | Belgium | Suspension for injection. | 1500 UAH |
| Tetraxime | France | suspension for injection. | 1500 UAH |
| Infanrix | Belgium | suspension for injection | |
| Infanrix IPV HIB | Belgium | suspension for injection | |
| ADS-M Biolek | Ukraine | suspension for injection. |
Where are vaccinations given?
St. Hryhoriya Skovorody, 31
5 Petro Grihorenko Ave
St. Gvardiytsiv-Shironintsiv, 33
Hryhorivske Shosse, 57
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